Driving Defensively for Semi Trucks
Driving Defensively for Semi Trucks
Operating a semi is different from your typical sedan or SUV. Larger blind spots, more weight, less maneuverability, all things that require Class A drivers to sharpen their defensive driving skills. Nighttime driving, long hours and fatigue are common factors that make driving long hauls harder on drivers.
Staying Alert and Focused
When driving long periods of time, drivers can experience things called “tunnel vision.” This is where fatigue plays a role. Avoiding distractions such as hand held devices and engaging conversation can help improve focus. Drivers should be aware of their physical condition. Ensuring you are getting restful sleep, exercise, and eating a balanced meal helps with focus and overall condition.
Maintain a Safe Distance
Because transport trucks have more weight and length to carry, the total stopping distance is significantly reduced compared to that of a smaller car or SUV. For normal size cars, a safe following distance is three seconds. For transport trucks, it should be six to eight seconds. The importance of maintaining a safe following distance is to give yourself enough reaction time to the cars around you. This is also recommended in poor driving conditions such as rain or snow.
Anticipate the Actions of Other Drivers
One of the hardest aspects of defensive driving is anticipating the next move of the drivers around you. Truck drivers are encouraged to remain cognizant of erratic drivers, sudden lane changes, and vehicles in their blind spots. According to FMCSA, semi truck drivers should check their mirrors every eight to ten seconds to maintain awareness” (FMCSA.com). Checking mirrors every eight to ten seconds can help take proactive steps to avoiding a collision.
Adjust to Road Conditions
Roads and weather conditions can change rapidly. Especially for long haul drivers. Defensive drivers will adjust their speed and driving style based on conditions such as rain, snow, sleet, fog, slowed construction traffic and dusk (when the sun is blinding). Reducing speed, checking mirrors every eight to ten seconds can reduce collisions on the road. Always check weather reports for the hours and destinations ahead when on breaks but be aware that unforeseen conditions are sometimes rapidly brought on.
Use GOAL (Get Out and Look!)
Backing up a semi truck is one of the most challenging maneuvers even for the most talented of drivers. To avoid accidents and damage, the G.O.A.L technique – Get Out and Look is a great driving strategy. Before reversing, try exiting the cab to assess the area for obstacles. This small step can improve overall safety.
Communicating with Other Drivers on the Road
Ensuring effective communication on the road is a key aspect of defensive driving. Drivers of all vehicles should use turn signals in advance when preparing for a lane change or turn. Using headlights, horns and hazard lights where appropriate to alert other drivers to a trucks actions is a great way to be a defensive driver.
Defensive driving requires patience. Especially when transport is delayed due to weather, crashes, construction or congestion. Aggressive driving and road rage can escalate scenarios and make them even more dangerous. By remaining calm and professional, truck drivers can set examples for other drivers and ensure safety while on the roads.
The Learning Never Stops
Even experienced drivers benefit from regular and consistent training. Many transport companies offer workshops or refresher courses to keep drivers informed about new regulations, technologies and best practices. The Director of Safety at your company should have resources for you to review.
References
Defensive driving tips for Transport Trucks. Defensive Driving for Transport Trucks. (n.d.). https://www.truckker.com/blog/defensive-driving-tips-for-transport-trucks
TIPS for truck and Bus Drivers. FMCSA. (n.d.). https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/ou
